প্রসন্নন পার্থসারথীর হোয়াই ইওরোপ গ্রো রিচ...এ এই বইটার কথা বলছেন, Daniel Kahneman এবং Amos Tverskyর লিখত Choices, Values, and Frames (2000, Cambridge University Press)।
The argument that individuals respond very differently to conditions of abundance from those of shortage can be seen as a case of loss aversion or status quo bias, a phenomenon described by pioneering behavioral economists Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman. Tversky and Kahneman found that in two scenarios in which the expected pay-off was the same – and for which standard economic models predict no difference in behavior – individuals were more inclined to take risks when they possessed nothing than when they possessed something.26 They called this phenomenon loss aversion or status quo bias. This finding suggests that comparative economic development cannot be reduced to differences in prices, wages or efficiencies of markets because variations in economic situation can have a profound impact on economic action. Therefore, individual decisions must be understood in context and the direction of economic change cannot be predicted with reference solely to standard economic tools such as prices and supply and demand. The interpretation of divergence in this book moves away from highly generalized and universal models of economic life and towards more detailed analysis of the particular problems that actors faced in specific situations.
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